Lee served at Camp Cooper for about 19 months, though he was often absent, serving in courts-martial at other posts.Ĭamp Cooper was beset by severe weather, wolves, rattlesnakes, irregular supply trains and plagues of grasshoppers. Cooper became the headquarters for four companies of the famed 2nd U.S. To keep watch on the Comanches, Camp Cooper was established in January 1856 by Lt. Nearly 450 Comanches warily moved onto the Comanche Reservation. Indian agents persuaded about 2,000 Indians to move onto the Brazos Reservation, to be monitored by troops from Fort Belknap. The Brazos Indian Reservation, for the Caddos, Wacos and other, more sedentary, tribes, was located 12 miles south of Fort Belknap, also on the Brazos River. The Comanche Indian Reservation was established on the Clear Fork of the Brazos in south centrral Throckmorton County. 6, 1854, the Texas Legislature authorized the establishment of two Indian reservations, each four square leagues of land (18,576 acres) in size, in Northwest Texas. Despite these efforts, relations between the Indians and whites continued to be punctuated by violence. It also appointed Indian agents to handle problems between Indians and settlers and to dole out regular consignments of beef, blankets and other goods to their charges. Attempting to defuse the culture clash between settlers and Indians, the federal government negotiated treaties with various Plains Indian tribes. Army also defend northern Mexico from marauding bands of Plains Indians. And the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo that marked the end of the Mexican War greatly increased those troops' responsibilities by providing that the U.S. Army troops assigned to Texas could not adequately defend the state's 1,200-mile-long frontier against Indian raids and aggression. In the early 1850s, the meager number of U.S. They had no understanding of the concept of individual ownership of land, which was the very dream that had drawn the white newcomers to the area.
COMANCHE RESERVATION FREE
Most Plains Indians were nomadic free access to the land was basic to their culture. They were occupied by earlier immigrants from the north: Comanches, Wichitas, Tawakonis, Anadarkos, Caddos and others. The push became a tidal wave of "nesters" after the end of the Mexican War in 1848.īut the plains on which the newcomers intended to live were not empty. Conflict was inevitable as land-hungry settlers, lured by the state's promises of cheap land, began pushing onto the Texas plains shortly after Texas was annexed to the United States in 1845.
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